Students try to memorise every reaction separately. There’s a better way.
Follow the electrons
Every curly arrow shows electrons moving from where there are many to where there are few. Find the nucleophile and the electrophile first.
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Draw it out by hand every time. Reading mechanisms doesn’t stick, drawing them does. (Grace)
Group reactions by type
Substitution, addition, elimination. Put each new reaction into one of these groups as you learn it.